The U.S. Department of Justice has charged a Ukrainian serial ransomware criminal who is alleged to have been the administrator of multiple ransomware operations. Volodymyr Viktorovich Tymoshchuk, through online monikers including deadforz, Boba, msfv, and farnetwork, is alleged to have been the administrator of the LockerGaga, MegaCortex, and Nefilim ransomware operations between December 2018 and October 2021.
Tymoshchuk, along with his accomplices, conducted or played a key role in ransomware attacks on more than 250 victims in the United States between July 2019 and June 2020 using the LockerGaga and MegaCortex ransomware variants, as well as hundreds of victims worldwide. An international law enforcement operation targeting the LockerGoga and MegaCortex ransomware schemes in September 2022 obtained decryption keys, which were made available to victims via the No More Ransom Project. Many potential victims were able to prevent file encryption after receiving prompt notifications from law enforcement that their networks had been compromised.
Under the Nefilim ransomware scheme, Tymoshchuk and his accomplices claimed many more victims in the United States and worldwide between July 2020 and October 2021. Through those attacks, Tymoshchuk caused millions of dollars in losses due to disruption to business operations, damage to computer systems, and ransom payments. As administrator of the ransomware operations, Tymoshchuk recruited and provided access to the infrastructure and encryptor to conduct attacks.
One of the affiliates of the Nefilim ransomware operation was Ukrainian national Artem Stryzhak, who was arrested in Spain in June 2024 and extradited to the United States on April 30, 2025. Stryzhak has been charged with conspiracy to commit fraud and related activity. Stryzhak primarily targeted companies in the United States, Canada, or Australia that had annual revenues of over $100 million, although a Nefilim administrator encouraged him to target larger companies with more than $200 million in annual revenues. The Nefilim administrators allowed Stryzhak to keep 80% of any ransoms he generated, while they would retain 20%. Any victim who refused to pay had their stolen data leaked on the group’s Corporate Leaks websites.
Tymoshchuk has been charged with two counts of conspiracy to commit fraud and related activity in connection with computers, three counts of causing intentional damage to a protected computer, one count of unauthorized access to a protected computer, and one count of transmitting a threat to disclose confidential information. “Tymoshchuk is a serial ransomware criminal who targeted blue-chip American companies, health care institutions, and large foreign industrial firms, and threatened to leak their sensitive data online if they refused to pay,” said U.S. Attorney Joseph Nocella Jr. for the Eastern District of New York. “For a time, the defendant stayed ahead of law enforcement by deploying new strains of malicious software when his old ones were decrypted. Today’s charges reflect international coordination to unmask and charge a dangerous and pervasive ransomware actor who can no longer remain anonymous.”
The U.S. Department of State is offering up to $10 million as a reward for information leading to the location, arrest, or conviction of Tymoshchuk, plus a further $1 million reward for information that leads to convictions of other members of the LockerGaga, MegaCortex, and Nefilim ransomware groups. The rewards are offered under the Transnational Organized Crime (TOC) Rewards Program.
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